1 Samuel 20:17
And Jonathan caused David to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
Original Language Analysis
וַיּ֤וֹסֶף
again
H3254
וַיּ֤וֹסֶף
again
Strong's:
H3254
Word #:
1 of 11
to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
לְהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ
to swear
H7650
לְהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ
to swear
Strong's:
H7650
Word #:
3 of 11
to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
4 of 11
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֹת֑וֹ
H853
אֹת֑וֹ
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
7 of 11
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כִּֽי
H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's:
H3588
Word #:
8 of 11
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
Historical Context
Repeated oaths intensified commitment in ancient culture. The mutual nature of the covenant meant both parties held obligations. The soul-level love described transcended political alliance to genuine spiritual bond.
Questions for Reflection
- How do repeated commitments strengthen relationships through difficult seasons?
- What does the mutuality of David and Jonathan's covenant teach about genuine friendship's two-way nature?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
And Jonathan caused David to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
Jonathan's causing David to swear again 'because he loved him' deepens the covenant's binding force. The phrase 'he loved him as he loved his own soul' repeats 18:1,3, emphasizing the friendship's depth. Mutual oath-taking created reciprocal obligation - Jonathan protected David now; David would protect Jonathan's house later. Such covenant love anticipates the bond between Christ and believers.